Abstract
Aim: The most important standard indicator which is determined during the sprinkler testing is the time of their reaction. This parameter is used to determine thermal sensitivity of the sprinkler triggering element and determines the speed of its activation. Analysis of modern standard methods for determining the parameters of sprinkler response time showed that the use of the heating mode of the heating sprinkler element when determining the factor of thermal conductivity does not provide the condition of stationary heat transfer for the heating elements, which is necessary to obtain correct results when evaluating this parameter. In the European standard EN 12259-1:1999 and international standard ISO/FDIS 6182 sprinkler reaction time is defined only at the direction of the heat flow perpendicular to an axis of the sprinkler thermal element. It is known that convective heat transfer occurs at the normal body component of the heat flow. Consequently, the heat transfer coefficient of thermal elements and sprinkler reaction time depend on the direction of the heat flow. The purpose of this article is the improvement of a standard technique of sprinkler reaction time by specifying the measurement procedure of the heat leakage factor from the sprinkler heat element towards the body of the sprinkler and including the dependence between sprinkler reaction time and the direction of airflows on the thermal element.
Project and methods: In order to achieve the set objective, applied was a mathematical and experimental of method of modeling of processes of heating sprinkler thermal element using airflows of different temperatures and directions.
Results: The theoretical analysis of the process of the heating sprinkler thermal element of heat flow with linearly time-varying temperature, was conducted. The conditions of heating, in which the relation used in the existing standards for the evaluation of thermal conductivity of factor C were determined. A significant increase in sprinkler reaction time under the influence of heat flow along the axis of its heating elements was experimentally determined.
Conclusions: In order to increase the accuracy of evaluation of conductivity coefficient of the thermal element of the sprinkler, it is necessary to carry out heating of the sprinkler in the heating chamber in a constant manner using linearly varying temperature starting from the assembly temperature to the operational temperature. In order to properly classify sprinklers according to their response time, the evaluation of the indicator of the response time should be carried out also when heat is directed along the axis of the thermal element of the sprinkler, regardless of its type.
Keywords: tryskacz, element termoczuły, czas zadziałania, strumień powietrza, kierunek strumienia powietrza
Type of article: review article