Abstract
Aim: To present the scope of independence and complementarity of the scientific discipline called security sciences. iplinary nature of security
Methodology: The article uses the method of systemic and comparative analysis. In the first case, the key elements of scientific taxonomy were analysed in order to rationalise the effects of already introduced changes and forecast the effects of planned changes that may occur in a dynamically changing environment. The second one compared models of scientific taxonomy using a dynamic approach.
Results: The article presents the legal aspects of the location of security sciences as a new scientific discipline in the taxonomy of Polish science. The diagrams of creating the taxonomy of scientific fields and disciplines as well as the formal foundations of their separation are discussed. In Poland, it is assumed that all scientific knowledge in terms of the complexity of the research area and the subject matter are arranged according to a certain hierarchy. The largest unit is the research area, which is a fairly underdefined platform of scientific activity. It consists of scientific fields which constitute a logical and content-focused, exact part of science. The main research activities concentrate around scientific disciplines. Their results shape the specific characteristics of identity and research goals. The article defines the origin of this discipline resulting from the increase of security threats in the global dimension. Next, the interests in the subject of security in other scientific disciplines were analysed, along with the resulting difficulties resulting in the unambiguous identification of the identity of security sciences.
Conclusions: The author proposed a functional approach to security sciences, where the fundamental problem is to analyse the relationship between the state of security and threats in the context of the degree of risk. He attempted to exemplify research problems that should be in the area of interest of security sciences: the security theory, types of security, security entities and threats. Furthermore, emphasising the interdiscsciences is not beneficial for the identity of this new discipline. It is more appropriate to treat the study of various aspects of security through the prism of multidisciplinarity or the share of the components of different scientific disciplines in the research process.
Keywords: science, scientific discipline, identity, security, threat
Type of article: review article